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My Exam notes ON
Foundation Exam 1D0-410
HOME Course # 4

HTML fundamentals

CHAPTER # 1

Introduction to Html

  • HTML is a markup Language.
  • HTML is invented by Tim Berners-Lee with colleagues at CERN.
  • HTML is a cross-platform language.

Markup tags

  • Element names enclosed in angle brackets.
  • Tags are basic building blocks of an HTML document.
  • Tags also refereed to as Codes.
  • A pair of tags namely beginning tag and ending tag is called a container tag.
  • A tag stands alone is called a empty tag.
  • Tags are not case sensitive.
<TITLE>
TITLE OF THE PAGE
</TITLE>
Beginning Tag
Closing Tag

 

<LI>
AN ITEM IN A LIST
Empty Tag

Basic Structure of HTML Document

<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Basic structure</TITLE>
</HEAD>

HEADING
<BODY>

BODY

THE ACTUAL BODY
</BODY>
<HTML>

HTML DOCUMENT

Block Level Tags

  • HTML elements that affect an entire paragraph is called as block-level elements.
<P>
  • PARAGRAPH BREAK
  • It is a container tag
  • Contents are rendered in a new paragraph
  • It is preceded and followed by a line break.
<H>
  • HEADING.
  • It is a container tag.
  • The content is rendered in bold serif font
  • There are 6 levels of headings.
  • Level 1 is the large and level 6 is the smallest.
  • It is preceded and followed by a line break.
<PRE>
  • PRIMITIVE FORMATING
  • It is a container tag
  • The content is rendered with all line breaking and spacing as original.
  • W3C deprecated this element.
<BLOCKQUOTE>
  • It is a container tag.
  • The content is indented from the margins
  • W3C deprecated this element.
<CENTER>
  • It is a container tag
  • The content is centered in the window.
  • 3C deprecated this element.

Text level Elements

  • Text-level elements can affect a text block as small as a single character to as long as the entire page.
  • Though the Phrase elements <STRONG> and <EM> render the same effects as the Font elements <B> <I>, they are meant for future application when HTML is used to render through an audio equipment.
<B>
  • It is a container tag.
  • It is font style element.
  • The content is rendered in block.
<I>
  • It is a container tag.
  • The content is rendered in italic.
<U>
  • It is a container tag.
  • The content is rendered with underline.
<STRONG>
  • It is a container tag.
  • It is Phrase element.
  • It is similar to <B>.
  • The content is rendered stronger relative to the surrounding text.
<EM>
  • It is a container tag.
  • It is a Phrase element.
  • The content is rendered in block.

Lists

  • Used to create bulleted or numbered lists.
  • Lists are of two type Ordered (Numbered) and Unordered (Bulleted).
Ordered List
Unordered List

<OL>
<LI>List 1  
<LI>List 2
<LI>List 3
</OL>
<UL>
<LI>List 1  
<LI>List 2
<LI>List 3
</UL>
The result of above code
The result of above code
  1. List 1
  2. List 2
  3. List 3
  • List 1
  • List 2
  • List 3

Hidden Comments

  • The comments, added to document the HTML codes, are hidden from rendering to the browser by using the following syntax.

<! -- comment text to come here -->

Good Coding Practice

  1. When two or more tags are applied to the same segment, close the first that is opened last and wise versa.
  2. Use either lower case or upper case only for coding.
  3. Do not use more than one code in a row as long as they are not applied to the same segment.
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All the materials posted in this site are from my exam notes.They are correct best to the author's knowledge. The author disclaim any responsibility of liability for any direct or indirect damages occurred due the use of it. All product names and services posted are trademarks or registered trademarks of the respective Companies.

 

 

 

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